Ryan's Daughter - 16 வயதினிலே & rational basis review law suit

Ryan's Daughter is a 1970 epic romantic drama film directed by David Lean and starring Robert Mitchum and Sarah Miles. The film, set between August 1917 and January 1918, tells the story of a married Irish woman who has an affair with a British officer during World War I, despite moral and political opposition from her nationalist neighbours.

சோளம் வெதைக்கையிலே !  சொல்லி புட்டு போன புள்ளே !!

சோளம் வெளஞ்சு ..  காத்துகிடக்கு  .. .. என இளையராஜா குரலில் பாடல் பட்டிதொட்டி எங்கும் இளைஞர்களை கவர்ந்து இழுத்தது.   எந்த  ஒரு அறிவு சார்ந்த சமுதாயத்திலும் ஒருவரது உடல் அமைப்பையோ குறைகளையோ கேலி செய்வது  நாகரீகமல்ல !  .. .. எனினும்பலதிரைப்படங்களில் – இது போன்ற காட்சி அமைப்பை, காமெடி என்ற பெயரில் முகம் சுளிக்க வைக்கும் நையாண்டிகளை கண்டுள்ளோம்.  சரியாக நடக்கமுடியாதவர்களை 'சப்பாணி' என கிண்டலடிப்பது !! பரவலாக கண்டுள்ளோம்.  

பாரதிராஜாவின் ஆரம்பநாள்களில் அவருக்கு திருப்புமுனை படம் – பதினாறு வயதினிலே.  கமல்ஹாசன், ஸ்ரீதேவி, ரஜினிகாந்த் நடிப்பில் பாரதிராஜா இயக்கத்தில் 1977ல்  வெளியான இத்திரைப்படம் 175 நாட்கள் மேல் வெற்றிகரமாக ஓடியது. இக்கதையில் கமலஹாசன் சப்பாணி என்னும் கால் சரியில்லாதவனாக கிராமத்து பாத்திரத்தில் நடித்திருந்தார். கிராமத்திலேயே மிக அதிகம் படித்தவளான, 'பத்தாம்வகுப்பு தேர்ச்சி'யாகிவிட்ட மயிலிடம் (ஸ்ரீதேவி) ஒருதலைக்காதல் கொள்வார் – மயிலோ கிராமத்திற்கு வரும் மருத்துவ இளைஞனிடம் மனதை பறி கொடுத்திருப்பாள்  !!

தமிழ் இலக்கியத்தில் - 'சப்பாணி' என்பது வேறு அர்த்தத்தில்.  சப்பாணி கொட்டுதல் என்பது ஒருகையோடு மற்றொருகையையும் சேர்த்துக் கொட்டுதலாகிய விளையாட்டு.  பெரியாழ்வார் தம் பாசுரத்தில், கண்ணபிரானது பல்வேறு குழந்தை பருவங்களை விவரிக்கும்போது, 'சப்பாணிகொட்டுதலுக்கு' பத்துபாசுரங்கள் அருளிச் செய்துள்ளார்.

மாணிக்கக் கிண்கிணியார்ப்ப மருங்கின் மேல்

ஆணிப்பொன்னால் செய்த ஆய் பொன்னுடைமணி

பேணிப்பவளவாய் முத்திலங்க  பண்டு

காணிகொண்ட  கைகளால் சப்பாணி! கருங்குழல்குட்டனே சப்பாணி!!

சப்பாணிப்பருவம் குழந்தையின் ஒன்பதாம் திங்களில் நிகழ்வதாகும். ஒன்பதாவது மாதத்தில் குழந்தை உட்காரத் தொடங்கியபிறகு மகிழ்ச்சியால் கைகொட்டுதல், கையாட்டுதல் போன்ற விளையாட்டுகள் அதனிடம் இயல்பாகத் தோன்றும். பெற்றோரும் மற்றோரும் கைதட்டிக்காட்டி குழந்தையை அழைப்பதோடு குழந்தையையும் கைத்தட்டும்படி வேண்டுவர்.  சப்பாணி,  என்ற பெயர்ச்சொல்லுக்கு :  கைசேர்த்துக்கொட்டுதல் என்பதை தவிர – நொண்டி!! என்ற அர்த்தமும் உண்டு.  

In U.S. constitutional law, rational basis review is the normal standard of review that courts apply when considering constitutional questions, including due process or equal protection questions under the Fifth Amendment or Fourteenth Amendment. Courts applying rational basis review seek to determine whether a law is "rationally related" to a "legitimate" government interest, whether real or hypothetical.  

In early Oct 1979 Laverne L. Logan was hired by the Zimmerman Brush Co., a Chicago manufacturer.According to the company's lawyer, at that time it was fully aware that Logan's left leg was several inches shorter than his right. Zimmerman tried to accommodate him by assigning him first to the shipping room, and then to work on a machine where he could sit.  After a month, while he was still in his probationary period and thus not yet covered by the union contract, the company let Logan go since he was unable to perform his duties satisfactorily. Five days later, Logan, on his own, filed a complaint with Illinois's Fair Employment Practices Commission (FEPC), alleging that he had been fired because of his physical disability in violation of state law.

In late January 1980 FEPC mailed to both Logan and Zimmerman notice that it had scheduled that conference for March 18. The company was also asked to complete and return a two-page questionnaire about its personnel practices and the circumstances of Logan's termination by March 10, which it did. At the conference, Zimmerman moved to dismiss Logan's complaint on the grounds that, since FEPC had mistakenly scheduled the conference for five days after the 120-day deadline had expired, it was no longer valid. FEPC denied the motion, so the company petitioned the Supreme Court of Illinois for a writ of prohibition barring FEPC from taking any further action; it granted a stay pending resolution of the case.

Logan v. Zimmerman Brush Co., 455 U.S. 422, is a unanimous 1982 decision of the U.S. Supreme Court concerning the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. The Court held that the petitioner was entitled to have his discrimination complaint adjudged by Illinois's Fair Employment Practices Commission (FEPC), which had dismissed it for its own failure to meet a deadline. The decision reversed the Illinois Supreme Court's holding to the contrary two years prior.

Logan, one of whose legs was shorter than the other, had been hired by Zimmerman in 1979 as a machine operator; when that proved beyond his capabilities, he was made a shipping clerk. A month later the company fired him for poor performance; within a week Logan brought a claim with FEPC, alleging he had been discriminated against due to his disability. FEPC was required to hold a fact-finding conference with both parties within four months; it accidentally scheduled the one in Logan's case a week after that period ended.

The U.S. Supreme Court granted Logan certiorari to argue on appeal that his constitutional rights to equal protection and due process of law had been violated. Justice Harry Blackmun, writing for the Court, followed some of its other recent cases in holding that when the state created a process for Logan to seek redress, it had also created a property interest in any claims filed through that process which could not itself be deprived without due process.

The Court has not revisited Logan in any later case, but it has often been cited as establishing a test for when due process has been denied. The year after Logan was decided, Emory law professor Timothy Terrell added a lengthy critique of Blackmun's reasoning behind holding Logan's complaint a protected property interest, which he characterized as "harmful[ly] superficial", to an essay he had begun writing on what he argued was the Court's vague and intellectually unsound understanding of property. Terrell connected this to a theory he had been developing that due process rights are strongest where the government provides the only forum for redress.

Moving away, did not know that ’16 vayathinile’ was imaged after Ryan’s daughter.  Back in 1917,   only daughter of the local publican, widower Tom Ryan, is bored with life in Kirrary, an isolated village on the Dingle Peninsula in County Kerry, Ireland. The villagers are Irish nationalists, taunting British soldiers from a nearby army camp. Tom Ryan publicly supports the recently suppressed Easter Rising, but secretly serves the British as an informer.Rosy falls in love with the village schoolmaster, widower Charles Shaughnessy. She imagines, though he tries to convince her otherwise, that he will somehow add excitement to her life. They marry and settle in the schoolhouse, but he is a quiet man uninterested in physical love. Major Randolph Doryan arrives in October 1917 to take command of the army camp. After winning a Victoria Cross on the Western Front, he has a crippled leg and is suffering from shell shock. When he visits the pub where Rosy is serving alone, he collapses under a flashback to the trenches and is comforted by her.. .. ..

Ryan's Daughter released in 1970 was a romantic  drama film directed by David Lean,  starring Robert Mitchum and Sarah Miles. The movie narrates  the story of a married Irish woman who has an affair with a crippled  British officer during World War I, despite moral and political opposition from her nationalist neighbours. The film itself is a re-telling of the plot of Gustave Flaubert's 1857 novel Madame Bovary. 

With regards – S. Sampathkumar
24^th Aug 2022.